Osteoarthritis Management in People with Diabetes
Living with diabetes is quite a challenge. If diabetes and osteoarthritis coexist, the lives of diabetes patients become even more difficult. Diabetes is a condition that basically increases blood sugar levels, while osteoarthritis (OA) causes pain and stiffness in the joints. Joints in the knees, hip and hands are the most common ones involved. Research shows that people with diabetes have a high risk for developing arthritis, because of inflammation, obesity and nerve-related issues. In this article, let us understand how to manage diabetes and osteoarthritis.
The link between diabetes and osteoarthritis:
OA is a degenerative joint disease. It occurs when the cartilage that cushions the bones wears away. Diabetes can increase inflammation. Chronic high sugar can accelerate joint degeneration. Moreover, high sugars can affect the small blood vessels which nourish the joints and surrounding tissues because of this, healing delays and joint damage increase. Also, many people with diabetes are overweight or obese, which increases the risk of OA.
Common symptoms:
- Stiffness in the joints, usually maximal in the morning
- Limited mobility
- Pain which worsens on exertion and improves at rest
Generally, people overlook these symptoms, because neuropathy and reduced physical activity can mask these issues.
Risk factors:
Obesity: Excessive weight gain increases stress on joints that bear your weight. Obesity worsens both OA and insulin resistance.
Ageing: As age increases, risk for OA also increases, the same as for diabetes.
Sedentary lifestyle: When you are physically inactive, joints become stiff.
High blood sugars: High blood sugars can cause the cartilage to break down and can lead to joint inflammation.
Managing OA along with diabetes:
Management of diabetes and OA requires a holistic and comprehensive approach.
- Obesity management: Even a 5 to 10% weight loss can reduce the pressure on the joints and also improve blood sugar control. A balanced diet that is rich in fibre, low in saturated fats and adequate in carbs is ideal to reduce weight.
- Low-impact exercise:
Activities like:
- Swimming
- Walking
- Cycling
- Yoga
- Physiotherapy
It can keep the joints flexible and support insulin activity.
- Blood sugar control:
Control of blood sugars reduces inflammation and joint deterioration. Adherence to medicines, regular monitoring of blood glucose levels and lifestyle modifications are key.
- Joint-friendly diet:
Include foods which are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, Vitamin D and antioxidants like flaxseeds, nuts, green leaves, turmeric and fruits.
Avoid foods that have high sugars, refined carbs and those that are processed. These foods tend to increase inflammation.
When to see a doctor:
When you experience joint pain that hinders your daily activities, you need to consult a doctor. X-ray of the joint and physical examination can help diagnose the grade of OA. In severe cases, patients may need corticosteroid injections. A few patients may require surgery, especially for their knees.
Is it possible to prevent OA?
Osteoarthritis might not be fully preventable, but early lifestyle changes can delay progression.
- Stay active
- Manage weight
- Control blood sugars
- Avoid smoking and alcohol.
When you identify OA in the early stage, lifestyle modification itself is enough to prevent progression without any medications.
To conclude, osteoarthritis and diabetes are growing health concerns, becoming very common in India. Luckily, you can manage both conditions with a proper diet, regular exercise and medical support. A proactive approach can reduce pain, improve flexibility and improve quality of life.
For more personalised advice, visit the branch of Dr. Mohan’s nearest to you and speak to your doctor.
Visit our website: https://drmohansdiabetes.co.in/enroll/?campname=website
